China"s Top 10New Archaeological Discoveries of 2022 Episode II
Royal mausoleums and their surrounding remains at Yin Ruins in Anyang city
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2022年度全国十大考古新发现②|河南安阳殷墟商王陵及周边遗存
Editor"s note:China"s Top 10 New Archaeological Discoveries of 2022 was unveiled on March 28 in Beijing,including 3 from Central China"s Henan province, namelythe multi-grid layout of the Erlitou site, the royal mausoleums and their surrounding remains discovered at the Yin Ruins, and the ruins of Zhouqiao Bridge along the Bianhe River. So far, Henan has 53archaeological itemslisted on the nation"s annual list of the Top 10 New Archaeological Discoveries, ranking 1stin China.
编者按：2022年度全国十大考古新发现 3月28日在京公布，河南偃师二里头都邑多网格式布局、河南安阳殷墟商王陵及周边遗存、河南开封州桥及附近汴河遗址榜上有名。至此，河南入选全国十大考古新发现的项目达53项，继续领跑全国。
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To find the location of the main road between palaces and royal mausoleums at the Yin Ruins, and make clear the covering area of the royal mausoleumsite and the original functions of the Shang Dynasty (1600-1046 BC) city ruins in the north bank of the Huanhe River, Anyang archaeological team of the Institute of Archaeology of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, funded by the National Cultural Heritage Administration, launched an archaeological excavation in the royal mausoleumsite and their surrounding areasat the Yin Ruins in Anyang.
2021—2022年，为寻找小屯宫殿区到王陵区之间的干道、搞清商王陵区的范围和洹河北岸地区的功能区划，在国家文物局专项经费支持下，中国社会科学院考古所安阳队开展了商王陵及周边区域的考古勘探工作，并在勘探的基础上进行了重点发掘。
Archaeologists have made remarkable discoveries at the Yin Ruins during the nearly two-year excavation, notably the trenches enclosing the royal mausoleum site. The covering area of the royal mausoleum site has been made clear as well, 560 meters from east to west and 300 meters from north to south. These discoveries are bound to promote the study of the mausoleum system, culture and history of the Shang Dynasty and the development of the Yin Ruins National Archaeological Site Park. Besides, the newly discovered sacrificial pits provide new materials for studying social structure and sacrificial activities of the Shang.
经过近两年的工作，殷墟考古取得了显著的成就。首先，确认了殷墟王陵区陵墓的隍壕，基本搞清了商王陵区的分布范围，以围沟外边界为基准，确定王陵区的范围为东西560米、南北300米。这些发现必将推动商代陵墓制度乃至商文化、商史的研究，也为殷墟国家考古遗址公园的建设提供了新的重要资料。其次，新发掘祭祀坑为研究商代社会性质、商代祭祀活动及其形式等提供了新资料。
An illustration of the royal mausoleum site. [Photo provided to dahe.cn]
The large blank space and the huge sand pits discovered to the southeast and west of the mausoleum site, the sandy belt measuring about 100 meters in width found to the south of Houjiazhuang mausoleum site and the road ditches at the north bank of Huanhe river have refreshed the knowledge of the Yin Ruins" layout and surroundingsat that time and also set the course for subsequent archaeological excavations, boosting the further study of the capital planning and function of the Shang Dynasty. Finally, a vast site of the Western Zhou Dynasty (770-256 BC) was found to the west of the royal mausoleum site, providing new materials for studying the history of Shang Dynasty overthrown by Ji Fa (?-1043 BC, founder of the Western Zhou)and the governance of the Zhou.
再次，王陵区东南方向大面积的空白区、王陵区西侧的巨型沙坑、侯家庄南地宽达百米的沙土带，以及殷墟遗址洹河北岸地区干道的路沟等发现，不仅改变了对殷墟遗址景观的认识，亦提供了今后工作的重要方向，必将推动殷墟大邑商城市区划与功能的研究。最后，王陵区西部面积巨大的西周遗址的发现，亦为周人灭商以及周王国国家治理方式的研究提供了新资料。
文案：赵汉青 杨佳欣
视频：何蒙贺
海报：胡翰泽
审校：陈行洁